Friday, February 23, 2007

What is Bed-Wetting?

Enuresis is termed as bed-wetting. This condition is common to bed-wetting of children at night and can be extended to teenagers and rarely seen in Old and Aged –Person in cases of loss of control of bladder activity. However, all cases of Bed-Wetting cannot be termed as Enuresis as the same act can occur due to fright, laugh, sneezing as well.

In few cases it was seen in Children wherein their Psychology was built due to some kind of Threat or Fright from people coming in their vicinity resulting into Bed-Wetting.

This is may be caused due to suppressing urinal for longer time, can be part of habit, not emptying bladder, consumption of more of liquid diet and avoiding at times calls of nature.

Measure:

The same condition can be managed by avoiding consuming liquid one-two hours prior going to bed, emptying bladder/urinal before going to bed, consuming hot (Not Liquid) before going to Bed.

Thursday, February 22, 2007

Sugar in Urine-Glycosuria


When high amount of Sugar is found present in Urine it is called Glycosuria. This kind of situation can be seen present during time of Pregnancy, Cholera, Nephritis (Malfunctioning of Kidney), Pancreatic diseases, Over straining, Diabetes Mellitus.

Patient may go for urine frequently. The quantity of urine may be quite high i.e. 50 ounces in a day or even more. Urine may be clear with pale color. Urine can be highly acidic. Also to note that just glucose presence cannot be termed as Glycosuria. However, all urine tests showing glucose presence can be termed as Glycosuria. Normally, body absorbs specific amount of glucose if high level of sugar is consumed then absorbing capacity by any means the same may lead to Kidneys excrete extra amount of sugar through urine.

As corrective measures it would be advisable to consume food low in carbohydrates. However, it is important to consult doctor as self medication can be risky. Food which contains carbohydrates, milk, sugar, jaggery, honey, etc are very useful for body functioning and should not be eliminated completely; however the same with reduced quantity can be consumed. It is always advised to consume food which is easy to digest and contains low sugar ingredients.

Tuesday, February 20, 2007

Understand Inflammation of Kidney (Nephritis)

This is one of the most serious kinds of Kidney disorder. Nephritis is inflammation of Kidney. This may be caused due to side effects of fevers like Typhoid, Malaria. Improper functioning of excretory organs can also result in this condition. Disorders resulting due to infections and toxins can be responsible for this condition. This can be caused due to Mercury, Drugs effecting Kidney functioning and poisonous food.

Normally patient shows signs of fever. Vomiting sensation or Nausea can be seen in patient. There is burning sensation during passage of urine, also patient witness pain at the time of urination. Patient may show convulsions, blood pressure may shoot up, there can be pain in back. Eventually, this all may lead patient to go in coma or even may result into death.

As corrective measures mainly the effect of the same should be analyzed. In case only one Kidney is affected the other kidney present can take care of overall functioning of Kidneys, however in case infection is spread in both Kidneys the chances of survival are very less. An effort should be made to stop infection reaching other kidney. Incase of convulsive pains can be controlled by Analgesics and Antispasmodic drugs. Even injection is given in case of acute pain. In such cases urinal should be restored and Lasix is given for same.

It is advisable to carry out Urine test for starting allopathic treatment. As this disorder is resulting due to inflammation, antibiotics controlling infections are recommended. Ordinary Nephritis can still be handled and controlled and is not much complex. However in case of acute Nephritis patient should be rushed to doctors to avoid serious condition and required Urine and Kidney function test should be conducted to understand the gravity of disorder. To retain normal flow of urine aerated water, plain water or coconut water, barely water can be consumed. However, looking at severity of problem patient should be taken to concerned doctor immediately.

Monday, February 19, 2007

Know – Kidneys and Urination Process

Kidneys are Organs in our body that is responsible to eliminate toxins from the blood. Kidneys are filter and do not allow any vital substance to escape from body while they are functioning properly and healthy. When there is Kidney disorder, these toxins get mixed with blood and vitiate our body. Kidneys are full of Blood vessels and retain essential constituents of blood that are important to maintain balance and functioning of body. Kidney also comprises of urineferous tubules which can take up urine from blood.

Urination Process:

The Filtered urine reaches Urinary Bladder through Ureters and comes into bladder slowly. Eventually, bladder gets filled in with urine which results into urgency to pass urine. Urethra (tube) takes Urine from bladder to exterior. In Males, Urethra is almost 20 cms and In Female is 3.5 cms.

There can be cases wherein there is urge to pass urine, however urine may not be passed or could come out in painful manner. This may be caused to following reasons:

  • Ureters may have got narrowed or lost its elasticity.
  • Kidney Functioning may not be proper. Either of the Kidneys may be diseased or not functioning.
  • Kidney’s might be unable to produce Urine and the same results into spread of Urea in system called Anurea.
  • Urine containing harmful elements.
  • Urinary Bladder unable to hold stored urine and mechanism of Bladder is incompetent.
  • Insufficient intake of water may also result into this kind of situation.
  • There is higher quantity of loss of fluid due to loose motions, cholera, vomiting or Dehydration
  • Urinray Bladder gets bloated due to suppressed urine resulting into pain and swelling.
  • Kidney stone formation or Cancer ,Tuberculosis of Kidney

Please note that when Urine is clean, transparent, white with yellowish stinge, without burning sensation, regularized discharged, no feeling of residual, no blood, pus or other infection and no straining and pressure feeling while urinating indicates proper urination.

Whereas, Urine with pain, urine chocolate color or black or dark brown, bad smell, frequent urgency or hesitancy, thick and turbid indicates some kind of infection. Improper functioning of Kidney may result into large amount of sugar may come in blood or urine.

Sunday, February 18, 2007

UREMIA and its Implications

The condition where excessive amount of Urea and other nitrogenous waste elements are present in Blood signifies UREMIA. It is kind of urinary poisoning which can be caused due to impure water/salt metabolism and chemical decomposition of complex substances by body.

These waste products are excreted in Urine by Kidneys. Now, incase of Kidney failure, these waste elements are found in Blood instead of Urine. This condition results in feeling of nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and if not treated well in time may also lead to serious complications. Normally, such cases are subjected to dialysis. Actually, Uremia and Anuria are closely related disorders as one may lead to other, however the disease and condition can be classified into acute and chronic forms.

Uremia patient may show symptoms of severe headache, experience breathing problem, may feel restless as mentioned earlier and suffer High Blood Pressure as well. Whereas in advance or chronic stage apart from above mentioned symptoms patient may show excessive hiccough, Diarrhoea ,Renal Asthma/Dyspnoea, itching of skin, fluctuations in body temperature resulting into end stage conditions.

Measures in Chronic and persistent unfavorable Kidney Disorder symptoms:

In situation as mentioned above treating patient with Medicines may not be of much use as symptoms are very complex in nature and even good doctors/physicians may face problems. One viable option practiced is Kidney Transplant, however in case of any infection that may also not work. It is also very costly treatment. Homepathic or Urine Therapy treatment can be also tried in case allopathic treatment is not affordable or feasible subject to guidance and advice of concerned physician.

Saturday, February 17, 2007

Food Consumption and its Implications on Kidney

Human body needs food for proper functioning. In case Food Consumption is in- sufficient the same results in depletion of energy resulting further into down conditioning of body as essential minerals intake like Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Proteins and other Minerals are forbidden. However, if Food itself is not rich in Minerals and other nutrients body will suffer from its deficiency resulting into related Disorders. On the Other hand, if particular nutrients are consumed in higher quantity than required by Body, Disorder will relate accordingly for excessive intake e.g) Proteins prohibited for Kidney Disorders as too much of Protein affects functioning of Kidneys, Fats for Obesity and Carbohydrates for Diabetic body.

There are certain chemical changes that take place when food is consumed and it is up to Human Body to receive and reject particular constituent of food as per requirement. The unwanted part is excreted out of body through urine, sweat and faeces. In case any one of this excretion is not functioning properly can lead to serious complications as toxins/residual/unwanted has to come out of body.

Kidney problems can be caused due to excessive consumption of mentioned food items:

1) Excessive consumption of Rice and Potato can lead to stones of Calcium Oxalate Origin as they help to form Oxalate of Calcium resulting into Kidney stones. Calcium rich products consumed in excess can lead to stones in Kidney.

2) Reduced Water intake reduces urine quantity and allows foreign elements to settle in urinary passage resulting into Kidney problems.

3) Excessive consumption of Proteins also disturbs normal functioning of Kidney and results into Protein Urea.

4) Excessive Fats would obstruct urine flow resulting into Kidney problems.


What happens when Kidney fails to produce Urine?

When there is suppression of Urine and not a single drop of urine is passed over days it results in condition called as ANURIA.

This leads to Irritation to patient. Patient can experience problems in his vision. There is nauseatic feeling and may have Vomiting sensation. Patient suffers from several convulsions and may suffer from severe Headache as well. Body temperature may be abnormal and patient will feel cold and shivering.

The same calls upon for proper diagnosis and subjective treatment. In many cases, catheter is used for diagnosis as it is a serious and complicated problem, without wasting time the same should be reported to urologist. Patient should be rushed to nearby Nursing Home or Hospital wherever proper facilities are available.

This is a condition of Kidney which may be improved by Dialysis. In such situations normally other Important Organs can also be affected like Brain, Heart if neglected. This condition of Kidney may cause Problems in Ureters, Hysteria, Intense Blockage or patient is traumatized.

Monday, February 12, 2007

Kidney Failure and Peritoneal Dialysis in Children

As metabolic rate in children is fast it results in accumulation of solutes which the damaged kidney’s cannot handle. Growth and intellectual development in children stops and slows down. This leads to imbalance of endocrine function. It is very difficult to achieve successful dialysis in children, there has been progress witnessed in renal Replacement Therapy in Children.


End Stage Renal Disease in Children are small fraction of total End Stage Renal Patients. The causes of ESRD in Children can be attributed to Hereditary Renal Disorder and Renal Lesion. The same can be divided into 50:50 %. Whereas in adults it almost 80% of the disease is attributed as acquired renal disease.

Peritoneal Dialysis in Children:

The Membrane of Peritoneum of child is functionally different from that of adult and Peritoneal transport change as per normal growth and development. The study of peritoneal surface area in Children and Adult was carried out and was found that Peritoneal Surface Area of is almost twice that of Adult as per Putiloff whereas Wegner suggestion that Peritoneal Surface Area approximated to Body Surface Area in Adults. According to Mass-Transfer Area Co-efficients (MTAC) for various solutes Peritoneal Solute transfer in children can be characterized.

It was also found that MTACs for Urea, Uric Acid and Creatinine and Glucose was similar to adult reference values. Protein levels were found higher in children then adult reference values. Conclusively, only peritoneal transfer of protein is demonstrated as age dependent, beyond neonatal period. Also to state that adequate fluid transfer is difficult to be achieved in infants and younger children. The fluid Transfer problems were observed due to fast decline of dextrose concentration. The patient’s peritoneal membrane transport functions can be compared to population norms by Peritoneal Equilibrium Test.